Outlook bleak for passengers on the Titan, despite massive rescue effort

BOSTON (AP):

Time is quickly running out in the search for a missing submersible that lost contact with its mother ship on Sunday as it descended to the wreck of the Titanic with five people aboard.

As an international fleet of surveillance vessels and aircraft forges ahead with ongoing search and rescue efforts, each passing second makes it less likely that the passengers on the Titan will be found alive as their oxygen supply is expected to run out by Thursday morning.

Even if the Titan is located in the North Atlantic, it could be nearly impossible to reach if it is stuck on the ocean floor at roughly 12,500 feet (3,800 metres) near the Titanic’s wreckage.

The five people on board are pilot Stockton Rush, the CEO of OceanGate, the company leading the expedition; British adventurer Hamish Harding; Shahzada and Suleman Dawood, a father and son from a prominent Pakistani family; and French undersea explorer and Titanic expert Paul-Henry Nargeolet.

There are several possible outcomes for the Titan and its passengers.

TITAN FOUND ON SURFACE

The Titan has built-in safety systems that help it rise to the surface in case of emergency including sandbags and lead pipes that can be released, as well as an inflatable balloon. The system was designed to work even if everyone on board is unconscious.

That would be the best case scenario, but even then there would not necessarily be any survivors, said Lawrence Brennan, a professor at Fordham University’s School of Law.

The Titan’s hatch cannot be unlocked from the inside, “so they will have to open the hatch and the bolts from the outside and rescue the people in there. That’s the best scenario, and I’m not sure it’s likely,” said Brennan, a retired Navy captain who has been involved in investigating and prosecuting cases involving submarine rescue ships.

VESSEL FOUND INTACT ON OCEAN FLOOR — NO SURVIVORS

If the Titan is stuck on the ocean floor the occupants would eventually run out of oxygen and develop hypothermia from extreme cold, according to experts.

Nargeolet, who has made more than 30 trips to the Titanic’s wreckage, explained to the Titanic Channel in a 2019 interview the possible dangers of being trapped in another submersible, called the Nautile, in the deep ocean.

There is enough oxygen for four or five days, but that’s no help because it’s unlikely help will arrive in that time, he said. The biggest issue at the ocean floor is the water temperature of roughly 33 degrees.

ENTANGLEMENT

Getting stuck in ropes, lines or nets is another possibility.

There’s a lot of old fishing rope in the ocean and there is danger of entanglement from the Titanic’s ropes or cables, said Greg Stone, a California-based ocean scientist who has been on similar submersibles.

“Buoyant lines will have, if they’re attached on both ends, can have a big arc through the water that you’re not even aware of,” he said. “I’ve run through those myself and gotten caught not knowing it was there.”

VESSEL FOUND INTACT WITH SURVIVORS

A Canadian military surveillance aircraft detected underwater noises in the area of the Titanic wreck, which might indicate that at least someone is alive on the Titan and trying to signal for help.

“We have to retain hope as part of what we are doing as a human community to find the explorers and bring them to safety,” Joyce Murray, Canada’s Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard, said Wednesday.

The US Coast Guard said they couldn’t say what was making the noises but they are searching the area where they were detected.

The noises are encouraging because submarine crews unable to communicate with the surface are taught to bang on their hull to be detected by sonar.

“It sends a message that you’re probably using military techniques to find me and this is how I’m saying it,” said Frank Owen, a submarine search and rescue expert.

The problem in that scenario is finding another vessel that can go deep enough for a rescue.